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Radon gas - even the name sounds ominous, evoking images of radiation and nuclear devastation. Radon gas is created when uranium in the soil decays. The gas then seeps through any access point into a home. Common entry points are cracks in the foundation, poorly sealed pipes, drainage or any other loose point. Once in the home, the gas can collect in certain areas - especially basements and other low-lying, closed areas - and build up over time to dangerous levels. The Environmental Protection Agency of the US Government has set a threshold of 4 pico curies per liter as the safe level. As humans are exposed to the gas over a period of years, it can have a significant and detrimental effect.

How widespread is the problem? Radon has been found in homes in all 50 states. Certain areas are more susceptible than others http://www.epa.gov/radon/zonemap/michigan.htm but no location is immune. Concentrations of radon-causing materials in the soil can be either natural or man-made. Homes built near historic mining operations may be at higher risk. The only way to tell for sure is to have a home tested.

Testing for radon comes in two forms: active and passive. Active devises constantly measure the levels of radon in a portion of the home and display those results. Passive devices collect samples over a period of time and then are taken away and analyzed. Either method can help you determine your level of risk. Do-it-yourself kits are available from a number of outlets, normally with passive devices. Over a period of days, the device is left in the lowest level of the home which is normally occupied. This eliminates crawl spaces under the house, but includes finished or unfinished basements. Then the results are analyzed by a professional. The other option is to engage a qualified professional to conduct the tests properly. The EPA web site http://www.epa.gov/radon provides information on finding appropriate resources and testing devices.

If high concentrations of radon are found in your home, you have several options. Since radon is only a problem when it is concentrated in high volume, improving the ventilation in an area is often sufficient to solve the problem. In other cases, it may be necessary to limit the amount of radon getting into the home by sealing or otherwise obstructing the access points. Once again, a professional should be engaged to ensure that the radon is effectively blocked. Typical radon mitigation systems can cost between $800 and $2,500, according to the EPA.

If you're buying or selling a home, radon can be a significant issue. Buyers should be aware of the radon risk in their area and determine whether a radon test is desirable. When in doubt, the EPA always recommends testing. The cost of the test can be built into the house price. If test results already exist, make sure they are recent or that the home has not been significantly renovated since the test was performed. If in doubt, get a new test done. If you're selling a home, having a recent radon test is a great idea. By being proactive, you can assure potential buyers that there is no risk and avoid the issue from the start.

So whether you have an old home or a new one, live in town or in the middle of a farm, radon is a reality. But it is a reality that we can live with. Proper testing and mitigation can eliminate radon as a health threat. For more information, visit the EPA web site on radon at www.epa.gov/radon.

Staging Your Home Checklist

Remove all clutter from the house. Are countertops free and clear? Have you removed unnecessary furniture throughout the house? Remove the art gallery and coupon collection from the refrigerator.

Check the bathrooms. Are the surfaces clean and clear? Are shower curtains and doors hung properly? Is the flooring clean and fresh? Are towels neatly hung?

Check the walls.  Is paint and wallpaper fresh and clean? Are the walls free from holes? Are there any colors or objects on the walls that need to be removed?

Check the floors. Is the carpet clean and free from stains? Are hard surface floors clean and free from stains? Check windows and window coverings.  Are all the windows clean? Are draperies and blinds clean?

Pet check. Are there any signs that this is a pet's home? Be sure to clean and remove kitty litter, pet toys and bedding.

How's the aroma? Try to air out the home prior to showings. If air freshener is necessary, use well before showings as a consideration to those with allergies.

Set the mood prior to showings. Open draperies and blinds. Turn on the radio to a classical music station, set the volume on low.

If you have time, cook a batch of cookies to have the warm, welcoming aroma permeating the home!

Living Trusts

Created while you are alive, a revocable living trust lets you control the distribution of your estate. Ownership of your property and assets is transferred into the trust. You can serve as trustee or you can appoint another to serve as trustee. If you serve as trustee, you must appoint a successor to serve as trustee upon your death.

Properly drafted and executed, a revocable living trust can avoid probate and delays as the trust owns the assets not the deceased. Consult with your attorney and/or CPA before deciding a revocable living trust is the right choice for you.

Advantages to a Living Trust Holding Title 

 A husband and wife can establish a joint revocable living trust.

While the trustor serves as a trustee or a co-trustee, a separate tax return is not required for the trust.

The revocable living trust allows the trustee to buy, sell and finance assets just as before.

In the event of incapacitation, management of the living trust passes to the successor trustee without the necessity of a court-appointed conservator.

The living trust can be cancelled or changed at any time before death or incapacitation.

Probate - including multi-state probate - is avoided when assets are held in a living trust. (Often probate takes 9 to 12 months.)

Privacy. When a decedent dies with a living trust, the provisions of that trust usually do not become public.

Litigation is discouraged by a living trust.

A married couple with a living trust can reduce or eliminate federal estate taxes by setting up an Exemption Trust. While both are alive the assets remain in the revocable living trust. Upon the death of a spouse, the trust is split into two trusts: the survivors trust and an exemption trust. (For tax purposes, the surviving spouse and the exemption trust are two separate taxpayers.)

Disadvantages of a Living Trust

A living trust will cost more to set-up than an estate plan with only a will.

A trust agreement with a new will must be set-up.

Transferring assets into the living trust will require paperwork and incur costs not encountered with a less elaborate estate plan.

Handling an Exemption Trust may require extra effort from the surviving spouse.

Some lenders may require property held in a living trust be removed from the living trust to refinance the property.

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